Stove and ash discharge means therefor



' Dec. 1, 1953 c. E. CHESSER 2,660,997

STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR Filed 001;. 22, 1949 4Sheets-Sheet l I 111A I I t 4.5

1.5 I r y J 1 DJ/506142204)- i Ceca Z Cfiaaeafl Dec. 1, 1953 c. E.CHESSER STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR Filed 001;. 22, 1949 4Sheets-Sheet 2 c. E. CHESSER 2,660,997

STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR Dec. 1 1953 Filed Oct. 22, 1949 4Sheets-Sheet 3 C. E. CHESSER 'STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFORDec. 1 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 22. 1949 v Patented Dec. 1, 1953UNITED s'rArs-s TENT oarrlcs STOVE AND ASH DISCHARGE MEANS THEREFOR ofOhio Application .October 22, 1949, Serial'No. 123,040

2 Claims. (01. 126 -245) My invention relates to improvements inmagazine heaters designed :for heating dwelling Places and otherenclosures. Such heaters, m basic dealso, are old and well known. Theycomprise a magazine usually formed out of sheet metal or the like andlined with firebrick to form a combustion chamber for solid fuels,usually coal, although other fuels such as coke and wood may be used.The basic design also includes a top closure for the magazine. Accessfor the introduction of solid fuel is provided at the top usually in theform of a door which may be disposed in the top closure plate or in theside wall of the magazine near the top. A grate is provided below thefirebrick lining with means for shaking said grate, and an ash pit isprovided below the grate with access thereto. Primary air is introducednear the grate and secondary air is introduced into the upper portion ofthe magazine.

In heaters of this type it has beencustomary in the past to providecastiron'parts in the lower portion of the magazine for access to theash pit, in the form of a door and a sleeve mounted on the magazinecooperating with the door. In order to prevent leakage of air aroundthis access door and resultant disturbance to the proper combustion, ithas been necessary carefully to grind these cast iron parts in order toeffect a close fit between the door and the collar or neck to which itwas hingedly secured. Such con-- struction necessitated unduly highcost, not only because of the large quantity of metal required for thecast parts but also because of the large amount of skilled laborrequired for machining the same.

An object of invention, therefore, is to produce a magazine heater ofthe general type heretofore described which may be produced atsubstantially r duced cost, and at the same time, will be moresatisfactory from the standpoint of primary-air control.

I find that these results can be accomplished by entirely eliminatingthe expensive cast iron parts heretofore considered necessary for thistype of heater and substituting therefor drawn metal-parts which may beproduced to dimensions of reasonable accuracy while completelyeliminating the expensive machining heretofore requiredfcr thecastparts.

In accordance with my invention, I provide a heater with simple andinexpensive means for effectively sealing the magazine below the grateagainst passage or air, so that the undesirable leakage encountered withthe old heaters includingcast iron parts is eliminated. By the use ofsuch sealing means, which may be in the form of a simple sheet metalplate removably disposed below the grate, I am able to substitute forthe cast iron parts previously used to provide access to the ash pit aninexpensive drawn or sheet metal drawer with afront panel which need notmake a close fit with the casing.

My invention may be best understood by reference to the appendeddrawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a magazine heater embodying myinvention, with certain parts shown partly extended;

Fig. 2 is a detailed perspective view, on a larger scale, of the bottompart of the heater, with the parts shown fully assembled;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the bottom part of the heater, partly inelevation;

Fig. i is a fragmentary transverse section taken substantially alongline i i of Fig. 3, with certain parts shown broken away;

Figs. 5,6 and 7 are fragmentary detailed sections taken substantiallyalong the lines 5--5, B-.8 and i,'l, respectively, of Fig. 4;

, Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along theline 8-8 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary vertical section detailing the thermostaticdraft control.

The preferred example of magazine heater embodying my inventioncomprises a sheet metal casing it which is preferably in the form of acylinder, the lower edge of which is bent inwardly to provide a circularflange l2 which is welded to a sheet metal base portion i i. Welded tothe inside of the cylindrical casing i Q is a sheet metal annulus ithaving aninverted .U -portion l3 welded to the casing it as at [9 and aninwardly extending ledge portion 21! upon which rests a grate G of anysuitable design, hence, need not beshown in detail. W Resting on top ofthe U-shaped portion [8 of the annulus i7 is a firebrick lining 22 whicheX- tends from the level of the grate, as seen in Fig. 3, to the top ofthe casing l9. Secured to the top of said casing is a circular closureplate 25 whichis fianged over as at 25 to provide a snug ill; withcasing it, which flange 26 may be seecured to casing Iii in any suitablemanner. The closure plate 25 is provided with an access opening 2?,which may be of semi-circular or other suitable shape and closed bymeans of a lid 29 hinged as at (it to the plate 25 and provided with asuitable handle 3%.

Suitable means is provided for shaking the grate, such as removablecrank 32 which extends through an opening in the side of the casing Iiiand through the flrebrick, a hinged closure 33 being provided to closethe crank opening when the crank is removed. A stack (not shown) forescape of products of combustion is provided in the upper rear part ofthe casing.

Primary air may be introduced into the heater below the grate as bymeans of a cast damper member 35 (Fig. 9) secured in an opening in thecasing is by means of screws 36 or the like, a lid member 38 beingpivoted as at 39 to control the amount of air entering the heater. Thelid 38 is provided with an offset flange 40 which serves as an actuatingcrank. A metal rod 42 (Fig. 9) bears against the flange 40 and serves asa thermostatic control for the primary air introduced into the heaterthrough damper 35, said rod being secured to the casing by verticallyspaced brackets 45, 45. The rod is threaded as at 46, the upper bracket45 being tapped to cooperate with said threads, and an ad ustment knob48 with integral pointer cooperating with indicia on top of bracket 45is fixed to the rod as at 49, a boss 50 being provided on the bracket 45to limit rotation of said knob 48.

By the differential in the thermal expansion between the rod 42 and theheater jacket the damper is automatically adjusted to control the flowof primary air through the damper.

Referring now to Fig. 3 et seq., the base section it comprises aplurality of cylindrical portions 5a, !5b and 150 which are steppedapart, as seen best in Fig. 3, at pro ressively greater diameters fromtop to bottom, the lowermost portion I50 terminating in an outwardlyflanged foot 52.

Formed with the uppermost portion l5a, as by a known metal drawingprocess, is a horizontal portion defining a generally rectangularopening 56 underlying and of approximatelythe same area as the grate,and adjoining inwardly and downwardly slopin walls 51 surrounding saidopening 56. The sloping portion 51 terminates at the bottom in aninwardlv and upwardly turned flan e 5.8 which provides a downwardlyextendin bearing surface extending around the 5 opening 56. While I haveshown opening 55 as rectangular, it could be round or otherwise shaped.

The front of the base portion 15 is cut out to provide an opening 59 toreceive an ash drawer 6E1, said drawer comprising a pan 62 and a frontpanel 63 having a handle 64. The front panel 63 is secured to the ashdrawer by Z-shaped brackets {5i and is somewhat lar er than the opening59 so as to provide an effective closure for opening 59, being curved inconformity with the base portion i5b. Thus, when the drawer is closed,said front panel will overlap the opening and inhibit passage of airinto said opening. The pan 62 is substantiall rectan ular so that thefront plate 63 is, in effect, a false front for the drawer, as seen bestin Figs. 1 and 6..

It will be seen from Fig. 6 that the front panel 63 of the ash drawerhas an inwardly rolled edge 63a.

Secured under opposite sides of the opening 56 as by bolts and nuts 65is a pair of guide plates 5?. (See Fi 5.) Each of said guide plates hasa portion which slopes angularly approximately in a parallel plane tothe adiacent inclined plate P 5? and a pair of approximately horizontalextremities 61a and 61b. Welded above the flange 61b is a guide plate 68of approximately inverted U-shape. Also secured by the bolts and nuts 65is a plurality of resilient rods 10 having an eye H at one end and ajournal portion l2 at the other end, upon which journal portions arerotatably mounted rollers 73. The lower extremities Blb of the guideplates 67 are apertured as at T4 for passage of the rollers 73.

An air sealing slide plate ll somewhat larger than opening 56 isarranged to fit snugly thereunder and is adapted to engage snuglyagainst the rounded lower surface of flange 58. Said plate IT, as seenbest in Fig. 5, is an inverted shallow tray with its four edges bent atapproximate- 1y right angles to form flanges 18. The edges of the sideflanges l8 engage the rollers l3, and since these rollers are mounted onresilient rods. it will be seen that the plate Ti is thus urged upwardlyto make a close fit with the downwardly extending flanges 55 to providean effective seal against passage of air from the ash pit into thefirebox. Furthermore, the retaining members 53 serve to limit lateralmovement of the slide ii.

The slide member H is provided with a handle portion 86 in the form ofan arcuate member secured as by screws 82 to the front flange 78. Thus,the slide is accessible from the front of the heater for manual control.

In order to provide an enclosure around the ash pan 60 to facilitateremoval of ash which might escape the pan, there is provided a bottomplate 85 (Fig. 6) having a down-turned flange 55a welded or otherwisesecured to the front edge of the opening 59 in base member 55. Integralwith said bottom plate $5 on each side is a side plate 87 (Figs. 3 and6), said side plates each having an outwardly extending front flangesaid flanges being secured as by screws 85 to cars 89 bent inwardly fromthe base member. Integral with said bottom plate 85 at the rear thereofis an upwardly extending flange 96 which is secured to the rear of basemember it by screws 92 or the like and serving as a seat or uide for theash pan.

It will be seen that my improved heater avoids the expensiveconstruction of former devices of like character. The slide 11cooperating with the downwardly sloping walls 51 and maintained in closeengagement therewith by means of the resiliently mounted rollerseffectively prevents passage of air from the ash pit into thecorrbustion chamber. Thus, the primary combustion air may be effectivelycontrolled by means of the thermostat. Obviously, this arrangementpermits the inexpensive construction I have provided for closing the ashpit, avoiding the expensive arrangements heretofore required.Practically all parts of my entire device are stamped or drawn fromsheet metal.

When it is desired to eliminate ash from the grate, the slide iswithdrawn by means of handle so that the cold ashes from the lastshaking of the grate are dumped into the ash drawer. The slide is thenreturned to its original position and the grates shaken. This allows theuser to handle cold ashes at all times. Further advantages of thismethod of handling the ash are that the coals and the hot ashesdissipate their heat into the primary air being used for combustion,thus affording a small but significant economy in the operation of theheater. Leaving ashes on the slide has the advantage of also seaiing anycrack or air leak that might occur because of some unforeseen alignmentor warpage to the functional parts of the heater.

Various changes coming within the spirit of my invention are susceptibleof being incorporated without departing from the essential spirit orscope thereof. I do not wish, therefore, to be limited to theparticulars of the accompanying illustrations and drawings nor by thelanguage chosen in the foregoing description, except to the extentindicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a combination of the class described, a casing providing acombustion chamber for solid fuel and an ash pit thereunder with a gratedisposed therebetween, a sheet metal yoke disposed below said grate,said yoke having a downwardly and inwardly sloping neck defining an openspace approximately coextensive with the area of said grate, resilientbearing means spaced below said neck, a slide plate engageable with saidbearing means and with said neck for normally substantially closing theopening of said yoke against passage of ash from the grate into the ashpit, said bearing means comprising a plurality of resilient arms havingroller bearings journalled thereon, and means for preventing lateraldisplacement of said plate.

2. In a combination as defined in claim 1, an opening provided in saidcasing to give access to the ash pit, a drawer slidably mounted in theash pit through said opening in the casing, and a panel carried by saidash drawer overlapping said opening, said plate being likewise movablethrough said opening above said drawer.

CECIL E. CHESSER.

References Cited. in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTSNumber Name Date 331,455 Smith Dec. 1, 1885 346,804 Burkhart Aug. 3,1886 586,886 Weiss July 20, 1897 1,045,359 Babbitt Nov. 26, 19121,109,395 Brenner Sept. 1, 1914 1,239,514 Perryclear Sept. 11, 1917

